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PHILOSOPHY,
POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
(PPE)
The bachelor’s degree program in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) provides a broad range of knowledge and skills across the social sciences and humanities. First offered at the University of Oxford in the 1920s, PPE is a choice study for those interested in public policy, international development, socioeconomic research, civic advocacy, nonprofits, and international organizations. In this program, you will draw on interdisciplinary knowledge to address complex cross-sectoral problems facing the world today. You will also choose a specialization in Philosophy, Political Science or Economics to deepen your understanding within a specific field.
Course Overview
Duration: 4-years, full-time
Medium: Online
Term begins: August every year
The bachelor program in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) is designed with a broad range of applications in mind. First offered at the University of Oxford in 1920s, PPE is a choice study for those interested in public policy, government affairs, international development and non-profit and multinational careers. With specializations available within the program, you can focus on a specific area of study in Philosophy, Political Science or Economics, or draw on cross-sectoral knowledge to solve complex, interdisciplinary problems of the modern world.
Degree
PPE is offered as a dual degree program between Parami University and Bard College. Program graduates will receive two bachelor's degrees—one from Parami University and one from Bard College.
Full-time students will be able to complete requirements for the Bachelor’s Degree in PPE in four years. Students will also have a choice to graduate with an Associate Degree upon fulfillment of associate degree program requirements in two years.
Liberal Arts and Science Curriculum
Our liberal arts and sciences curriculum offers you the unique opportunity to discover your passion and interests with a wide array of core courses and elective courses across diverse disciplines. After immersing yourself in foundational coursework during your first two years, you will emerge as a well-rounded individual with critical thinking, interdisciplinary analysis, and advanced communication skills. Starting from the third year of studies, you will choose your major and specialization.
Liberal Arts and Science Core and Elective Courses
Core courses in liberal arts and sciences are mandatory for all incoming students. In the first-year and second-year seminar courses, you will read seminal texts from across Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas as a basis for your intellectual inquiry. English composition courses will provide you with a solid foundation in the language skills necessary to effectively articulate your ideas, perspectives, and arguments. You will also be exposed to a range of academic disciplines by choosing elective courses in the arts, social sciences, humanities, mathematics, and natural science. Read more below to explore your sample study plan.
PPE Major Courses
In addition to the liberal arts and science courses, PPE major students will be required to take core and elective courses related to the major. Students will also have the option to specialize in Philosophy, Politics or Economics depending on their interests.
Sample Study Plan
Full-time students are required to take 4 or 5 courses each semester, and they can choose from many core and elective courses offered in various disciplines. Below is a 4-year sample study plan for PPE major students. For a full course list, please refer to the course catalog.
Year 1
First Semester
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First-Year Seminar 1: Humans and Their World
In Freshman Seminar I, students will take a cross-cultural perspective on human existence in the context of the many worlds we all occupy: natural, social and existential. Students will explore human existence in the context of post-Darwinian understandings of what it means to be a human animal. Through exploring the work of both Confucian philosophers and evolutionary theories of ethics, they will ask what it means to be a social animal. And they will explore the rich traditions of existentialism to explore what it means to find ourselves here, evolved beings living in society with each other, conscious of our limitations, our freedom and our death. This Seminar I course will give students the ability to move between radically different frameworks of understanding to derive rich and complex insights into the human experience.
4 Credits
English Composition 1
English Composition I focuses on the foundation skills of university-level writing. The course will take students through all the steps of the expository writing process, from pre-writing to revising and proofreading. Students will work through a series of expository essays, including narratives and descriptive pieces. The course will support them in acquiring appropriate critical reading skills, as well as following conventions of standard English in writing. Students will also be introduced to selecting, using, and correctly referencing sources.
4 Credits
Calculus 1
This course is an introduction to differential calculus and is designed to meet the needs of Statistics and Data Science students. Topics will cover functions, limits, derivatives and applications. Basic concept of integration is also included.
3 Credits
Introduction to Political Science
The course is a broad introduction to the discipline of political science. Students will be introduced to subfields within the discipline: political theory, comparative politics, and international relations. Then, the bulk of the course examines major themes in comparative politics, including the formation of nation-states, political regimes, and political violence. We will also examine themes that cut across the subfields, including globalization, populism, and human rights.
3 Credits
Community-based Filmmaking
This course offers students an introduction to documentary and fiction filmmaking as community-based practice. It will include screenings, filmmaking exercises, and discussions around authorship and social impact.
3 Credits
Year 1
Second Semester
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First-Year Seminar 2: Ways of Knowing
In Freshman Seminar II, students will explore questions about human knowledge and understanding. This seminar course will build on Freshman Seminar I, to ask challenging questions about our knowledge of ourselves, each other and the world we inhabit. It will equip students to engage more deeply with questions of knowledge, its uses and its misuses. And it will develop student’s critical awareness of different ways of approaching the question of what it means to know.
4 Credits
English Composition 2
English Composition II focuses on the process of argumentative writing, from initial development through drafting and revising to the final product. This course focuses on students' ability to use sources to form strong arguments in academic writing. In this course, students will design their own arguments using sources to write and present their ideas effectively.
4 Credits
Introduction to Statistics
This course provides an introduction to the quantitative tools for monitoring, analyzing data, and evaluating data. Through practical and real-world applications, students learn statistical methods that can be used in quantitative analysis of real-world problems. This course focuses both on concepts underlying statistical methods as well as problem solving through the use of STATA, a popular statistical software package.
3 Credits
The Art of Argument
This course introduces students to questions about the art (or arts) or argument, and gives them the tools they need to better evaluate, think about and make arguments. The course sees argument as a social practice that exists cross-culturally, and draws upon a wide array of sources to explore the complexities of the human search for agreement and truth.
3 Credits
Introduction to Microeconomics
This course is an introduction to Microeconomics from a very broad perspective. Microeconomics is the science of how people use resources. A large part is about decision making: Which is the best route for going to school, and should I walk or take the bus? Can I get a dog as a pet, should I buy vegetables in the market in the morning or in the afternoon, and why are the prices different in different cities? This course is a foundation course which is needed in order to follow higher level courses in the Economics module.
3 Credits
Year 2
First Semester
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Second-Year Seminar 1: Dealing with Difference
In Sophomore Seminar 1, we will explore how difference is socially and historically constructed, what it can mean to us, and how it can act on us. We will also ask critical questions on what we already know about differences among humans in today’s world. The Seminar will start with exploring the concept of “the Other”, which is one aspect of difference. We will look into different views on “the Other” from different parts of the world.
4 Credits
Kitchen Chemistry
This is a course particularly designed to stimulate scientific curiosity through hands-on experiments on easily accessible kitchen chemicals and materials. When you are making coffee or tea, making toasted bread, cooking rice, and barbecuing meat, you have put yourself in the role of a kitchen scientist without realizing that you are in fact dealing with organic chemicals and real-life materials. The goal of this course is to make students realize that science is everywhere and deeply relevant to everyday lives and interactions.
3 Credits
Introduction to Macroeconomics
This course is an introduction to Macroeconomics from a very broad perspective. Macroeconomics analyzes topics such as economic growth, inflation and unemployment. How can the central bank influence the economy in times of crises? What should the government do in order to counteract environmental issues? Why do countries trade with each other? Though ultimately based on the actions of individuals and firms (which we will analyze in Microeconomics), Macroeconomics is concerned with developments on the aggregate level: countries as a whole, government spending, taxation and Central Bank policies. This course is a foundation course which is needed in order to follow higher level courses in the Economics module.
3 Credits
Craft of Social Inquiry
This course is an introductory course for social studies. We will cover what social inquiry is and why it is important. During this course we will look at different methods of knowing and making sense of the world. We will focus on typical questions that are asked in social science and specific approaches to answer these questions. You will learn the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to answering questions in the field of social science, for instance through a in-depth study on climate change. Selected readings from different social science disciplines will be used as an interdisciplinary approach to addressing questions in this field.
3 Credits
Human Rights Theory
This course will introduce you to enduring and emergent issues in the theory of human rights. It will situate human rights within the history of colonialism, which undergirds the ongoing debates surrounding universalism and cultural relativism, individual rights and collective rights, and reconciliation after genocide, examine human rights case studies from South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and Central America, and explore a variety of emerging approaches to human rights.
3 Credits
Year 2
Second Semester
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Second-Year Seminar 2: Human Futures
Sophomore Seminar II introduces students to urgent contemporary questions about our shared human future. Drawing on both literature and theory, students will be challenged to imagine and reimagine the possibilities for our collective and individual futures. The seminar will begin by looking at notions of utopia and dystopia, placing these in the context of the present: in particular in the social and economic frameworks of capitalism. Students will explore the ways in which imagining the future throws light on our present concerns and dilemmas.
4 Credits
Calculus 2
This course is a continuation of Calculus I. The topics cover integration and its applications, series and sequences.
3 Credits
Equality and Equity
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), medicines, crash dummies and so forth are all tested with the average, white, young male in mind. This doesn't just put women at a disadvantaged position, but also the average Asian man, or anyone who's not the average, healthy, young white male. In this course we will look into social psychology and gender research to understand how inequalities arise and persist between men and women and between cultures. Students will be invited to actively participate and challenge their own assumptions.
3 Credits
Introduction to Ethics
In this course we will confront some of the major ethical issues that arise in our society—the treatment of animals (vegetarianism, experimentation), the beginning of life (abortion, in vitro, PGD testing), the ethics of war (when to go, how to wage), the ethics of politics (what ought our representatives do), the end of life (right to die, suicide, euthanasia), fear of death, the ethics of food, and the environment. In Ethics, we seek not simply opinions or personal positions on these contentious problems, but hope to make a broader claim about right and wrong.
3 Credits
Introduction to Political Philosophy
This course introduces students to the questions, theories, and classic texts of political philosophy, engaging issues of ethics, citizenship, democracy, representation, shared resources and other features of theoretical approaches to politics. This course will introduce and critically engage students in the fundamental questions of how we are to live in the world with others.
3 Credits
Year 3
First Semester
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Southeast Asia in a Globalizing World
The course examines social transformation in Southeast Asia, especially in relation to the processes of modernisation, economic development, state formation, and globalization.
4 Credits
Developmental Economics
This course introduces students to key issues in development economics at both the micro and macro levels. We will examine the leading economic theories of economic development and consider historical and other empirical evidence. We will seek to generate insight into questions such as: Why do some countries grow faster than others? What sorts of policies have had success in reducing poverty in developing countries? What are the appropriate roles for the state, markets, and civil society? How does a country’s history affect its development? In the last part of the class, students will make use of course concepts and findings to make presentations on country case studies.
4 Credits
International Relations
What is international relations? How does international politics work? In this course students will be introduced to major theories in IR: realism, liberalism, and constructivism. We will examine how these theories are applicable to different facets of international politics such as grand strategy and international political economy. We will also examine key questions in contemporary politics – such as humanitarian intervention, peacekeeping, and climate change.
4 Credits
Linear Algebra
This course is an introduction to the techniques of linear algebra. Topics covered include, systems of linear equations, Gaussian elimination, vectors in Rn, matrices, inverses, determinants, eigenvalues and vector geometry.
3 Credits
Year 3
Second Semester
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Behavioral Economics
In the course, we will study how behavioral economists explain a range of psychological and social phenomena, and how those explanations differ from standard economic ones. Likely topics include drug use, sex, crime, gambling, over-eating, overconfidence and procrastination. In particular, we will study various ways in which (apparent) irrationality influences people’s judgment and decision-making.
4 Credits
Economics of Globalization
This course will examine economic globalization—international trade, finance, and labor migration—from a variety of perspectives. We will highlight the evolution of globalization, with a focus on the roles played by technological change and government and multilateral policies. We will analyze who have been the winners and losers from globalization. Finally we will imagine how globalization is likely to evolve going forward, and what can be done to help ensure it is a force for global good.
4 Credits
Writing for Social Change
Can writing change the world? In this course we will explore how writing about social and ethical issues can be used for activism and for social critique. We will study authors who used writing to give personal testimony, to bear witness to issues in the community, and to achieve social change. We will build up to the four major essays through cumulative low-stakes assignments, so each week students will submit either a first draft, a peer review, a peer review response or a final draft of one of their four assessed essays.
3 Credits
Results-based Management for Development Projects
Development projects can be incredibly varied. Perhaps a community is responding to a natural disaster; perhaps they want to build new infrastructure (a road, school, access to water, etc.); or perhaps they would like to deliver health care to at-risk community members, or create cooperative gardens, or strengthen community capacities with workshops, and so on. All of these projects and their activities share something in common—they all have a goal. A common method used by INGOs, NGOs, and CBOs for their humanitarian initiatives is results-based management (RBM). This course provides a practical introduction to key tools used in RBM, such as, for example: problem and objective trees, stakeholder mapping, SWOC tables, theory of change, logical framework, Gantt charts, monitoring and evaluation, and basic budgeting. RBM and its associated tools are common practice in the humanitarian sector. This course will help prepare students for this sector. It will also enable students to undertake their own development projects on their own initiative.
3 Credits
Year 4
First Semester
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Senior Capstone 1
Senior Capstone is a year-long project-based/research-based course that all senior students have to take and complete. Senior Capstone I is taken in the first semester of their senior year and Capstone II is taken in the second semester of their senior year. Senior Capstone projects are always associated with student’s declared majors.
4 Credits
Economic Crises and Rescues
Crises have been a fact of economic life for centuries. However, with the trend toward globalization in recent decades, such crises have become both more frequent and more destructive, culminating in the Global Financial Crisis of 2008-09 and the ongoing COVID crisis. Making use of real world examples, this course examines the origins and impact of various types of economic crises, the ways in which crises can spread within and among countries, and policies that can help prevent or cope with crisis.
4 Credits
Programming with Python
Operating Systems (OS) are the intermediaries between the user and the computer. Learning about the basic functions and architecture broadens the abilities and horizon of the user, working with the machines more efficiently and effectively. Networks are at the heart of today's web and define how data is communicated.
3 Credits
Social Psychology
Social psychology is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. It derives from the premise that people's thoughts, feelings, beliefs, intentions and goals are constructed within a social context by the actual or imagined interactions with others. In this introduction course we will explore key concepts of social thinking, social influence, and social relations.
3 Credits
Year 4
Second Semester
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Senior Capstone 2
Senior Capstone is a year-long project-based/research-based course that all senior students have to take and complete. Senior Capstone I is taken in the first semester of their senior year and Capstone II is taken in the second semester of their senior year. Senior Capstone projects are always associated with student’s declared majors.
4 Credits
Food Ethics
Eating is our most basic and common ethical action, and yet, despite our familiarity with the notion that “we are what we eat”, decisions about what we eat are rarely evaluated in ethical terms. In this course, we will consider the question of the role our values ought to play in decisions about what we eat, and the sorts of implications those decisions have to shape the world around us. Our approach will be critical: we will learn the standard ethical theories and then look at the data provided by various reports about our food, its production, consumption and associated effects and implications.
4 Credits
Design and Society
This course is to provide students with a basic but critical understanding of major changes and developments throughout history from a design perspective, primarily architectural perspective. Discussion topics will include changes within architecture itself or other times by external forces. The readings and lectures investigate the interrelationship of architecture, design and broader cultural, social and political context. The course explores some of the significant moments of change in architecture that results from economic, technological, or institutional change in nature.
3 Credits
Financial Policy Issues in Emerging Market Countries
Emerging market countries such as China, India, Russia, and Brazil are expected to be major sources of global economic growth in the coming decades. Critical financial policy issues will challenge the governments in these and other leading emerging market countries, and will have a major impact on their relative performance. These issues will also affect economic and political relations with the United States and other industrial countries, with internationally active businesses, and with NGOs concerned with global challenges such as recovering from the US-centered financial crisis, poverty, post-conflict reconstruction, and climate change. Students will look at the world through the eyes of finance ministers in emerging market countries as they make choices in five areas of “internal” policy and seven areas of “external” policy.
3 Credits
Career & Graduate Pathways
Choice careers and fields for the graduates of the Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) major include international development, banking and finance, international relations, public policy and government, multinational businesses, and consulting in analyst, research, and technical roles. PPE major students can also pursue advanced degrees such as a master’s degree or doctorate in business, social science, and humanities fields.
The holistic education at Parami University prepares students for a variety of roles in different industries, particularly suited for professional careers that require analytical and critical thinking skills, effective communication skills and command of the written language, complex problem-solving, and interdisciplinary knowledge.
Globally recognized degree and academic excellence, combined with practical experience offered by various student activities, work opportunities, and the senior capstone project, will enable graduates of the PPE program to be globally competitive for both further education and professional careers.
Additional Resources
If you are interested in the Parami undergraduate degree programs and PPE major, check out the following resources to start your application.